History & Heritage

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Horses have played a crucial role in shaping human history, from their use in agriculture and transportation to their significance in warfare, sport, and culture. Across the world, museums dedicated to these majestic animals showcase not only their historical importance but also the people who have worked alongside them, fostering deep and enduring bonds.

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The bond between horses and humans in Canada is both profound and timeless, with a history that stretches back centuries. To fully appreciate the role horses play in our lives today, we must first explore the rich history that has shaped their presence in our country.

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In October 1873, after Canada’s Prime Minister John A. Macdonald approved the formation of a North West Mounted Police (NWMP) force, adverts like this one in the Halifax Chronicle appeared in newspapers across what is now Eastern Canada. They encouraged recruits to sign on to what Tony Rees writes would become “one of the greatest chapters in Canada’s national mythology; as rich in absurdity as glory, every bit as foolhardy and reckless as it was colourful and proud.”

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Cowboys are icons of the North American Wild West, and the cowboy culture continues to dominate Canada’s Western provinces.

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Historical records show that horseback riders first used cloth saddles in approximately 700 – 400 BC. It wasn’t until about 200 BC, that rigid saddle trees were invented. Since then, saddles continued to evolve as riders used their horses for new activities.

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Driving Communities Forward - Like many horse people, Gillian Allan wears lots of hats. “When I’m working with my Halflingers, I’m a breeder,” says Allan from her Folly Farm along the Wallace River in Middleboro, Nova Scotia.

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Determined to showcase six of their Clydesdales at the 1983 Yorkton Harvest Show, just a day away, Delvin Szumutku’s father was facing serious health issues and urgently needing heart surgery. Doctors had instructed him not to lift anything, not even a suitcase—a difficult restriction for a lifelong farmer of the Saskatchewan family farm, where they had been growing grain and breeding Clydesdale horses since the 1960s. Feeling the weight of responsibility, Delvin knew this would be an impossible task for his father.

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In the 1720s, horses made their long-awaited return to Alberta's vast prairies, marking an extraordinary homecoming. It had been about 10,000 years since the province's expansive grasslands echoed with the sound of equine hooves. Fossil evidence reveals that North America was the original birthplace of the horse, with the species first appearing millions of years ago. While other animals, such as bison and mammoths, migrated into North America from Siberia, the horse followed a different path, eventually being domesticated by the horse-riding cultures of the Central Asian Steppes. However, the ancient horse that once thrived across Canada mysteriously disappeared thousands of years ago.

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"You become responsible, forever, for what you have tamed."-Antoine de Saint-Exupéry - When Dorothy Brooke, the wife of a British army major general, arrived in Egypt in 1930, she became aware of the fate of thousands of former war horses that had faithfully served the British army during World War I. Born in the United Kingdom, these horses were shipped overseas to serve in the war and had not returned home. Those that survived were now living a life of crippling hardship as working horses on the streets of Cairo and elsewhere in Egypt. She decided to do whatever was necessary to ease their suffering.

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The world mourned the loss of Britain's longest-reining monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, when she passed away in September 2022. Her death ushered in a new era for the monarch. Her son, Prince Charles, ascended to the throne, the words to Canada's Royal Anthem were adapted to include "God Save the King," and it is likely that, in time, King Charles III’s image will replace that of Queen Elizabeth II on Canadian currency. Despite these changes, Queen Elizabeth’s lifelong devotion to horses and her profound influence on the world of equestrianism will remain a lasting part of her remarkable legacy.

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